The country's previous leader has been handed capital punishment for atrocities over her crackdown on protests led by students which led to her removal from power.
The court convicted Sheikh Hasina of permitting fatal actions to be used against protesters, 1,400 of whom lost their lives during the turmoil in the previous year.
The trial proceeded while she was absent by the International Crimes Tribunal (ICT) in Bangladesh, having been exiled in India following her ouster in July 2024.
The prosecution alleged of being behind numerous deaths during the protests. She has refuted all charges, labeling the proceedings as "unfair and agenda-driven".
This judgment represents a decisive point for Bangladesh, as the protests brought forth resentment over long-standing suppression. Next of kin of victims and injured had called for tough penalties.
Answering the judgment in a comprehensive declaration, the former leader stated the death penalty was the interim government's way of "eradicating the Awami League" as a electoral entity and that she was satisfied of her administration's performance on civil liberties.
"I have no trepidation to meet my challengers in a just legal forum where the evidence can be weighed and reviewed impartially."
Bangladesh's main city, Dhaka, where the court convened, was under increased safeguards before the decision on Monday, with numerous opponents of Hasina organizing a demonstration and celebrating as the verdict was read.
The city has seen a notable rise in turmoil, with multiple explosives detonated and public transport vehicles burned in the time before the verdict.
A minimum of one detonation was recorded in Dhaka on Monday morning, with zero injuries documented, area law enforcement officer the police spokesperson informed press agencies.
The youth-driven revolt in the previous year started with requests to remove state employment quotas but evolved into a broader opposition campaign.
UN human rights investigators stated in a document in February that the nearly 1,400 casualties could represent "human rights atrocities".
The study recorded the shooting at point-blank range of a number of activists, the purposeful disabling of additional individuals, arbitrary arrests and torture.
Leaked audio of one of Hasina's phone calls confirmed by media examinations in previous months suggested she had authorized the use of "deadly arms" in July 2024. The recording was presented in court during the legal process.
Prior to the ruling, kin of those killed during the protests informed media representatives they wanted Hasina to be punished severely.
One relative, whose family member was fatally wounded in July 2024, said he wanted "exemplary punishment" for her and co-accused who have "committed acts of vengeance and exploited their positions".
Lucky Akther, whose spouse died near Dhaka in August 2024, said she wanted Hasina's sentence to be "carried out before the election".
"Solely at that point the kin of victims [in the protests] will find peace in their souls."
Since Hasina's ousting, an interim government headed by Nobel laureate Muhammad Yunus has assumed power. A parliamentary election is planned for February 2026.
Nevertheless, the Awami League, Hasina's political party, was banned by Bangladesh's interim government in May.
The former leader cautioned in the previous month that if the her faction's nominees were prohibited from running in the imminent electoral process, countless would abstain the vote.
This decision presents a international dilemma for both nations. Authorities have sought her return but so far India has expressed no readiness to acquiesce.
Her officially designated attorney her legal counsel said he was "disappointed and hoping the decision had been otherwise".
"I am unable to challenge because my represented individuals are away; for that reason I am sad," he stated further.
The previous week, Hasina's lawyers said they had filed an urgent appeal to the UN raising major judicial fairness and judicial process problems at the ICT.
Legal proceedings involved Hasina alongside her former home minister and top law enforcement officer.
While the sentence offers some closure to kin of victims in the protests, it may do little to soothe the nation's partisan rifts.
"The resentment towards the former leader and the her political party has not subsided," a Dhaka-based rights activist stated to press agencies. "Both she and the organization has said sorry or demonstrated contrition for the killings of hundreds of people."
The activist stated "It makes it difficult for the party to be accepted by a most citizens in this nation."
The advocate continued that the sentence was not resolution for the relatives of those who died and were wounded.
"We assist multiple individuals who underwent irreversible limb loss, they are currently without limbs, because of the suppression. They will never be able to forgive her."
A journalist, a journalist and a long-time Bangladesh watcher, said the "very nature of the conviction could make it even more difficult" for her party to become a standard element of the nation's political landscape again.
This might transform if "a form of contrition emerges and a distancing from Sheikh Hasina and the old leadership," he expressed.